If you're looking for a last-minute holiday gift for someone with a theatrical bent, The Performing Set: The Broadway Designs of William and Jean Eckert, written by Andrew B. Harris, is a perfect choice. If Santa leaves you with cash or a bookstore gift card, you might consider putting a copy of The Performing Set under your own tree.
Broadway fans have a tendency to concentrate on shows and performers, sometimes famous composers or playwrights, as they collect cast albums and memorabilia to celebrate their favorites. But we don't hear as much about the designers. And that's where The Performing Set comes in. It tells the story of how we got to the place where technical elements stepped away from just being backdrops to take an active role in the experience, where scenery can look like fine art, where pieces slide, swoop, reconfigure and flow with the same rhythm as the music, where what's around the actors communicates the theme and mood of the piece rather than merely framing it.
I admit I'd never heard of William and Jean Eckart before The Performing Set, even though they designed the scenery for seminal shows like The Golden Apple, Anyone Can Whistle, Hallelujah, Baby! and Mame, scenery and lights for Li'l Abner and She Loves Me; scenery and costumes for Damn Yankees; and scenery, lights and costumes for Once Upon a Mattress and Fiorello!
They also produced the original Broadway production of Mattress and Jean Eckart personally sought out Carol Burnett for the lead. And they did scenic, costume and lighting design for a 1974 revival of Of Mice and Men starring James Earl Jones, designed the 1957 live TV Cinderella with Julie Andrews and the 1968 movie The Night They Raided Minsky's, did the costumes for The Pajama Game and Damn Yankees on film, and got a credit for the stage production scenery used in the Lil' Abner movie. They ended their careers in academia when Broadway went a different way in the Age of Aquarius, influencing new generations of designers at Southern Methodist University and in regional and summer theaters.
The Performing Set details all their ups and downs, how they met and got into theatrical design in the first place, and how their emphasis on using every design element to tell the story changed the process for everyone. From Abner's line of rickety cabins connected by clotheslines to Lola's famous "Whatever Lola Wants" peel-off capri pants to the vertical set they came up with to fit inside the postage-stamp-sized studio where Cinderella played, the Eckarts were evolving and changing how theater looked and moved. They didn't simply fall into the right place at the right time, but worked and innovated to come up with the right ideas to express who they were and what they envisioned theater could be in that place and time.
As author Andrew B. Harris concludes, "With wit and style, they had helped to shape the musicals that they had worked on and to give them a lightness and fluidity that allowed them to flow from one scene to another with a dreamlike rapidity. They had found a way to substitute imagination for literalism and to translate naturalism into representational language that both stimulated and challenged audiences."
One strength of The Performing Set lies in its copious illustrations and photos, giving a clear look at their evolving style and artistic sensibilities. The ground plans for the complicated revolves and stairs in She Loves Me and Mame are fascinating, while some of the art in the book is worth framing on its own. I especially liked the the modernistic costume sketch Jean Eckart did for her thesis project on Peer Gynt, a dandy Glamour magazine fashion ad with stylish ladies in black suits against red set pieces, a gorgeous translucent backdrop designed for The Golden Apple, and a series of fetching costume sketches with fairytale whimsy created for Cinderella and Once Upon a Mattress. If I didn't mind hacking my book apart, I really would take out the one with Cinderella carrying packages and frame it.
Harris has helpfully included a chronology of the Eckarts' efforts from 1951 with The Little Screwball at the Westport County Playhouse in Connecticut to Bill Eckart's solo effort on a production of Macbeth he didn't live to see in 2000. Each entry has a picture, too, just to give us a hint of what the design was. That's pretty amazing, to consider five decades of artistic expression played out across 18 pages.
The Performing Set is a pretty book, but it's more than just pretty. Its story fills in the backstage blanks on how the Broadway of today came to be.
The book was published in 2016 and is available at Amazon and Barnes and Noble.
I've loved this book for years (it was first published in 2006, and thankfully brought back into print in 2016) and am delighted to now share its pleasures with Julie. One of my bookshelves contains several books of set designs by some of the top names. The Eckarts were never quite that, yet their string of titles sure is impressive -- "wait, they did that one? and THAT one?" And their book may be the most pleasurable of all, because it goes into so much detail about how it all worked. I want to take a time machine back and see how it all looked on opening night -- Mame, then The Golden Apple, She Loves Me, and sneak into the theater-turned-TV-studio for the Cinderella telecast, in glorious color.
ReplyDeleteI really thought that Cinderella was in black and white. I suppose we still had a black-and-white TV set at the time (at least the time it was rebroadcast -- I was less than a year old for the live broadcast). I would love to see both the front and back of both She Loves Me and Mame, after seeing the diagrams of how their sets worked. It's hard to visualize. If I'm honest, I also want to see Angela Lansbury with the moon. "Get your ass back on that moon!" We're lucky we can mostly see the slither-out-of-her-capris moment in Damn Yankees that caused such difficulty. It looks so easy you'd never know they had endless go-rounds to get the cuts up the sides just right to get out of. Show biz!
ReplyDeleteThe Cinderella telecast is an interesting case. It was telecast in color, but practically nobody had color sets then -- only some of the TV critics, it seemed (maybe they had to stay at work and watch there?). So the world saw it in B&W, while the reviews the next morning raved about "the ball gowns in glorious shades of peach and fuchsia" (that's how I remember it in the Chicago Trib, anyway).
ReplyDeleteAnd the only form in which the video survives, of course, is a kinescope (point a camera at a TV screen) -- in black and white. John Chu and I have talked about how this would be the rare case in which colorization could be morally justifiable, if it could be done perfectly and tastefully, by reference to the Eckarts' designs.
I think you're right about the colorization. Maybe they've made advances by now to the process, too. And it certainly seems the sketches and photos (and other evidence) must exist to create the appropriate palette.
ReplyDelete